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《法學雜志》2012年第五期目錄與摘要

http://www.djtrjvjv.cn　 2012-7-24 14:52:35　 來源：中國法學會網

1 、武樹臣教授  
【摘要】 <正>武樹臣,男,1949年10月29日出生,北京市人,漢族,中共黨員,北京市法學會副會長。1978年2月至1982年2月在北京大學法律學系讀本科(七七級)并獲法學學士學位。畢業后留校任教,講授中國法律思想史、中國傳統法律文化、中國法史文獻學；
 
【關鍵詞】 中國法律思想史； 中國傳統法律文化； 北京市； 法學會； 中國法學； 法律學； 文獻學； 北京大學； 學士學位； 中共黨員；
 
2 、中國特色刑事訴訟制度的重大發展  卞建林（中國政法大學訴訟法學研究所）;   
【摘要】 刑事訴訟法修改在堅持從我國基本國情出發,循序漸進地推進我國刑事訴訟制度的完善;堅持統籌處理好懲罰犯罪與保障人權的關系;堅持著力解決在懲治犯罪與維護司法公正方面存在的突出問題原則下,貫徹了"尊重和保障人權"的憲法原則,對證據制度、辯護制度、強制措施、偵查程序、審判程序、執行程序等方面作了完善,是中國特色刑事訴訟制度的重大發展。但在取得很大成績的同時,問題與不足也是客觀存在的,還需要進一步完善,并通過司法解釋的出臺和實施細則的制定加以彌補。
【Abstract】 Revision of China’s criminal procedure law adheres to the principles, such as promoting improvement of China’s criminal procedural system from the basic national condition, coordinating the relationship of punishment and human rights protection, and making efforts to resolve the outstanding problems of fighting against crimes and maintaining the judicial justice. It’s reaffirmed the constitutional principle of "respecting and protecting human rights", revised and improved evidence system, defense system, coercive measures, investigation procedures, trial procedures, and execution procedures. The revision was the major development of the criminal procedural system with Chinese characteristics. However, there were still certain problems and shortages to be improved and completed in judicial interpretations and implementation rules.
 
【關鍵詞】 刑事訴訟法修改； 原則； 要點； 問題與不足；
【Key words】 revision of the criminal procedural law principles main points problems and shortages；
 
3 、再審程序的理解與適用——兼評《刑事訴訟法》關于再審程序的修改  陳衛東;杜磊（中國人民大學法學院）;  
【摘要】 刑事再審程序,是一種非常救濟程序,應當注重再審糾錯與程序安定性價值之間的衡平。此次《刑事訴訟法》修改用修改兩條、新增兩條的方式對刑事再審程序作了一定的修改與完善,有其進步意義。但對于申訴改造、再審事由的設置、再審的啟動主體以及再審審理程序的構建等核心問題并沒有涉及。因而,此次《刑事訴訟法》關于再審程序的修改只能稱得上是程序"微調"。從司法適用的角度來講,新《刑事訴訟法》的有關規定尚有進一步完善、細化的必要。對此,結合中國的司法實際,可以通過司法解釋的形式加以完善,以統一指導司法實踐。
【Abstract】 Criminal retrial procedure, as an important relief procedure, should consider the balance between error correction and stability of procedure. Two articles are amended in the criminal procedure law (2012)while another two articles are added in it. Although the amendment possesses progress, they do not mention the core problems such as starting of the criminal retrial procedure and construction of the hearing procedure. So we can only say this is just an adjustment of the criminal retrial procedure. From view of judicial application, there is still room to improve. Maybe we could think about the way of judicial interpretation to solve this problem with background of current judicial practice in China.
 
【關鍵詞】 96年《刑事訴訟法》； 刑事訴訟法修正案； 再審程序；
【Key words】 criminal procedure law (1996) criminal procedure law(2012) the criminal retrial procedure；
 
4 、《刑事訴訟法》修改凸顯人權保障——論不得強迫自證有罪和非法證據排除條款  楊宇冠（中國政法大學訴訟法學研究所）;   
【摘要】 此次我國《刑事訴訟法》修改,規定了不得強迫任何人證實自己有罪,還增加了非法證據排除的規定。這些新增內容之間存在緊密聯系,每一項又有各自的意義。"不強迫自證其罪"條款是"尊重和保障人權"的進一步體現,關系到我國刑事偵查、檢察和司法部門的職責和個人權利的保障;非法證據排除是落實不強迫自證其罪的具體措施,通過約束偵查部門取證行為對侵犯個人權利提供了補救措施。這些都是我國《刑事訴訟法》在原則性和制度方面的重大修改。文章詳細研究了新增加的這些條款的確切含義,指出其中的進步意義,分析了存在的問題,提出執行新增加的這些法律條文必須注意的事項。
【Abstract】 Amendments of China’s criminal procedure law clearly stipulate that no one shall be compelled to incriminate themselves, which directly reflects respect and safeguarding of human rights in the criminal justice system. It also goes beyond the criminal justice system by safeguarding the rights of society as a whole. The amendment also added the exclusionary rule. Five new articles are related to the rule, including the exclusion of oral evidence, the procuratorate’s function in suppressing the illegal evidence, court hearing process of suppressing the evidence, burden of proof and level of proof. These contents have formed a complete system of exclusionary rule. These articles have been made on the basis of extensive theoretical researches and experiences of practice at home and abroad and in line with the United Nations’ guidelines on international criminal justice.
 
【關鍵詞】 刑事訴訟法修改； 保障人權； 不強迫自證其罪； 非法證據排除；
【Key words】 criminal procedure law amendment privilege against self-incrimination exclusionary rule；
 
5 、突圍壟斷:中國知識產權保護之向度把握——以中西方文化傳統差異為視角  胡充寒（廣東外語外貿大學法學院）;韓學周（北京科技大學）;  
【摘要】 知識產權首先應該是一個文化問題,其在中國傳統文化中具有共享性、實用性與低價性,當中國知識產權法律在鄉土社會的國際化進程中遭遇知識壟斷、規律理性與權利至上的文化挑戰時,中國知識產權文化建設必須通過充分解放思想與大膽創新的方式和諧崛起,突圍壟斷,構建有中國特色的知識產權保護體系。
【Abstract】 Intellectual property shall firstly be a cultural issue. It has the sharing, practical and low-costing characteristics in Chinese traditional culture. When Chinese intellectual property law encounters challenges of cultural monopoly, the ration of law and the right supremacy in internationalization of the local community, China’s intellectual property right cultural construction shall rise up harmoniously through mind-emancipations and bold innovation. The monopoly shall be broken through and an intellectual property protection system with Chinese characteristics shall be built.
【關鍵詞】 知識產權文化； 文化挑戰； 文化建設； 保護體系；
【Key words】 intellectual property culture cultural challenges cultural construction protection system；
 
6 、判例法傳統與中華法系  胡興東（曲靖師范學院）;   
【摘要】 中華法系是中國古代法律體系的一種總括性稱謂。在此概念下包括著中國歷史上形成的法律傳統的方方面面。作為一種自成體系的法律體系,中國古代判例法制度構成了其中的一個內容,也是中華法系的一個特質。傳統中國判例法在模式上出現成文法典與非成文法典下兩種,其中主要是成文法典下的判例法。傳統判例法在類型上有創制型、補充型和解釋型,在作用上有作為判決依據、法律適用論證依據和立法依據,論證類型上有比類推理和高度倫理性說理,在整體上體現出有較為完善的邏輯結構、分類具體適用等�？傊�,中國傳統判例法在類型上、作用上、適用上都體現出不同于近代普通法系下的判例法特點。
【Abstract】 China’s legal system is the title of ancient China’s legal systems. This concept includes all aspects of the legal tradition in Chinese history. As a self-contained legal system, the case law system constitutes one part, also one of the characteristics of Chinese legal system. Formation of Chinese traditional case law is closely related to the context of the entire traditional Chinese legal culture. China’s traditional case law has are two modes, namely the code of law and non-written code, while case law under the code of law reflects its main characteristics. The traditional case law has three types, i.e., creating, supplementing and interpretation. It is also used as the basis of cases’ sentences, application of law and legislation, which is typed as the analogically reasoning and highly ethical reasoning that has complete logic structure and concrete application, etc. In general, it is absolutely different from the modern common law in many ways.
 
【關鍵詞】 中華法系； 普通法系； 判例法； 比類；
【Key words】 Chinese legal system common law system case law analogy；
 
7 、傳統中國法比附援引的源與流  黃春燕（山東政法學院法學院）;  
【摘要】 文本表達與司法實踐背離的問題自古有之,直到今天仍然困擾著我們。傳統法比附援引在彌合法律文本與司法實踐的縫隙方面發揮了至關重要的作用,與緣法定罪之間存在一定的張力,二者共同保證了司法結論的合法性與正當性。如何約束司法者比附的恣意性,是比附援引能夠發揮應有作用的前提保證。探究比附援引的源與流對當下罪刑法定下如何把握擴張性解釋的度具有一定的啟發意義。
【Abstract】 The problem of the lap between text expression and judicial practice existed in ancient society, but still confuses us today. Analogy in traditional law played an important role in closing the lap between text expression and judicial practice. There was a tension between analogy and conviction according to the law, which both guaranteed legality and legitimacy of judicial conclusion. How to constrain the judiciary arbitrarily judging was the premise which made analogy play an important role. Exploring the origin of analogy has some inspiration to how to grasp the limitation of the interpretation of expansion under the principle of legality today.
 
 
【關鍵詞】 比附援引； 緣法定罪； 擴張解釋； 罪刑法定；
【Key words】 analogy conviction according to the law the interpretation of expansion the principle of legality；
 
8 、社會發展中的中國法理學悖論  范進學（上海交通大學凱原法學院）;  
【摘要】 改革開放以來的法理學在研究與教學上在一定程度上與中國模式之間存在著一種張力,其表征是:法理學之西方知識與中國模式之東方經驗的悖論、法理學之"權利本位"與中國模式之"發展""穩定"目標的悖論、法理學之法律自由價值優先與中國模式之法律秩序價值優先的悖論、法理學之以"個人"為本的法律觀與中國模式之以"人民"為本的法律觀的悖論。如何認識與看待這些悖論,是當下法理學發展的新課題。
【Abstract】 To some extent , there exists a kind of tension between jurisprudence and the Chinese model in research & teaching since reforming and opening, whose superficial characteristics is: paradox between the western jurisprudential knowledge and the oriental experience of China’s model, paradox between jurisprudential "standard of right" and the target of "development" & "stability" of China’s model, paradox between the priority of the legal independent value and the priority of the legal orderly value of China’s model, paradox between legal concept based on "individual" and the legal concept based on "the people" of China’s model. How to recognize and treat these paradoxes is the new subject of the development of jurisprudence at present.
 
【關鍵詞】 中國模式； 法理學； 悖論； 變造；
【Key words】 China’s model jurisprudence paradox alter；
 
9 、農村土地承包經營權流轉法律問題新探——以北京地區部分基層人民法院所審理土地承包經營權流轉糾紛案件為例  龍翼飛;趙嵐音（中國人民大學法學院）;   
【摘要】 近十年來,我國農村土地承包經營權流轉的現象由局部到全面,日益蓬勃展開,促使農村經濟向農業產業化邁進,增加了農民收入,拓寬了農業建設之路。但是,一些地方卻出現了農村土地承包經營權流轉中損害農民財產權利的負面問題,并引發了為數不少的法律糾紛。北京地區基層人民法院陸續審理了多起農村土地承包經營權糾紛案件,其中的若干法律問題值得法學界從理論和實務結合的角度進行深入研究,以期尋找出完善相關法律制度的對策。
【Abstract】 During the last ten years, circulation of rural land rights to contracted management develops from parts to almost all areas in China, which has made the rural economy into the age of agricultural industrialization while improving the peasants’ incomes and broadening the way of agricultural construction. But there are still many problems in circulation of the rural land rights to contracted management in many places, which initiates many legal disputes.
 
【關鍵詞】 農村土地承包經營權流轉制度； 法律問題；
【Key words】 system of circulation of rural land rights to contracted management legal problems；
 
10 、試論我國農村集體建設用地使用權的流轉  關淑芳（中國青年政治學院）;   
【摘要】 農村集體建設用地使用權的流轉是理論界和實務界長期關注的焦點問題,本文從農村集體建設用地使用權流轉的現狀入手,簡要分析了我國現行法律禁止農村集體建設用地使用權進入土地交易一級市場流轉的弊端,最后結合民法價值判斷問題的實體性論證規則論證了允許農村集體建設用地使用權依法自由流轉的正當性。
【Abstract】 Circulation of China rural collective construction land right of use has been a key problem in China for a long time. This paper focuses on the practical situation of the circulation of China rural collective construction land right of use, analyzing the deficiency of forbidding the circulation of China rural collective construction land right of use under modern China’s legal system, including some other civil value judgment. And finally we get such a conclusion that the circulation of China rural collective construction land right of use should be freely allowed according to law.
 
【關鍵詞】 集體建設用地使用權； 平等； 自由流轉；
【Key words】 circulation of China rural collective construction land right of use the principle of equality free circulation；
 
11 、“小產權房”面臨的法律難題及其破解  劉曉霞（甘肅政法學院）;  
【摘要】 "小產權房"是我國近年來出現的社會現象,然而其在建設及交易過程中面臨著諸多法律上的難題。這些難題表明我國集體土地所有權被虛置,建設用地使用權流轉機制亦不健全。要破解這些法律難題,應當賦予農村集體建設用地使用權以完全用益物權效力,構建城鄉平等的建設用地使用權流轉制度;創新集體土地所有權和使用權主體制度,確保所有權權能的實現;完善土地征收制度,禁止為"商業利益"而征收;構建科學的城鄉土地利用規劃制度,同時政府應當讓利于民。
【Abstract】 As a social phenomenon, housing without real estate ownership has come up in China in recent years. But it faces many legal difficulties during the process of construction and transaction. These legal difficulties indicate that collective land ownership is emptied, and the alienation of right to use construction land is unsound. In order to surmount these difficulties, we should endow rural collective right to use construction land with complete effect of usufructuary right to construct equal system of the alienation of right to use construction land between urban and rural areas. We should create subject systems of collective land ownership and collective right to use land to implement rights of ownership. Systems of requisition lands should be improved and the requisition for business benefit should be prohibited. The planning system to use land should be constructed in urban and rural areas scientifically. Government should give civil subjects opportunities for benefit.
 
【關鍵詞】 小產權房； 用益物權； 集體建設用地使用權流轉；
【Key words】 housing without real estate ownership usufructuary right the alienation of collective right to use construction land；
 
12 、金融消費者保護體制及其相關問題  鄧綱（西南政法大學經濟法學院）;   
【摘要】 2008年爆發的金融危機引發了世界各國對金融消費者保護問題的關注。金融產品或服務的消費特點使消費者需要得到更專業和更細致的監管保護,這對監管機構的組織體制和職能建設提出了更高的要求。當前對金融消費者保護體制主要有分業管理、綜合管理和專門管理三種模式,借鑒金融發達國家經驗,我國可以選擇在分業監管部門內設機構的方案,同時加強金融知識的普及和教育,待基本保護職能較為完善、經驗相對成熟后通過專門立法實現金融消費者保護體制的專門管理模式。
【Abstract】 Financial crisis triggered attention to consumer financial protection over the world. The features of current financial consuming market indicate that the consumers need more protection than in the past. The corresponding regulating authorities and functions shall be the base of the whole legal framework. In this respect, Canada and USA take its place in front ranks of the world. Both Canada & USA established specialized legislatures and executive organizations, and put the financial literacy as priority. These are good experiences deserving our attention.
 
【關鍵詞】 金融消費者； 體制； 金融素養；
【Key words】 consumer financial protection organization and system basic function；
 
13 、我國企業利用外國直接投資風險研究——以西北軸承廠引資教訓為例  肖周錄;王娟（西北工業大學）;  
【摘要】 利用外資(FDI)并不總能實現理想化的互利共贏局面,這一點在學界研究中國利用外資三十多年的具體實踐中已經得到印證。利用外國直接投資設立合資企業的風險表現為合資企業運營過程中特別是合資企業轉變為獨資企業時對中方投資主體的權益可能造成的影響。在國家進一步優化外商投資環境,吸引外資的背景下,如何維護中方投資主體在合資企業中的合法權益,是值得深入研究的問題。
【Abstract】 Utilizing foreign direct investment (FDI) cannot always realize the mutual beneficial and double-winning situation, which has been proved in China’s research area during utilizing the foreign direct investment in practice over the last 30 years. Foreign direct investment sets up the risks of joint venture enterprises that would reduce our profits in the process of its operation, especially when the joint venture enterprises turn into the owned enterprises. How to remain our legitimate rights and interests in joint-venture is worth researching, with the background of further optimizing the environment for investment and attracting foreign investment in China.
 
【關鍵詞】 利用外資； 合資風險； 獨資；
【Key words】 utilize foreign investment risks of joint venture enterprises owned enterprises；
 
14 、房地產的財稅法調控研究  王平;劉慧勇（北京聯合大學）;   
【摘要】 對房地產調控的稅收措施相對比較完善,但"土地財政"卻消解了部分稅收調控作用。要改革財政體制,在體制內增強地方財力,改變地方對"土地財政"的依賴,取消對個人自住房產免納房產稅的規定,強化土地增稅清算、完善并嚴格執行"二手房"交易相關稅收政策,降低房產交易價格,抑制投機購房,發揮財稅制度對房地產的調控作用。
【Abstract】 The regulation of real estate by tax has material functions, but land finance decrease these functions. We should change the financial system, increase local government receipts so that they will not depend on land finance so much, impose property tax, improve land taxation clearing system, perfect second-hand house exchange policy, decrease house price, control investment on commercial residential building, and make taxation to be an effective tool for regulation of real estate.
 
【關鍵詞】 稅收； 土地財政； 房地產調控；
【Key words】 taxation land finance regulation on real estate；
 
15 、社會保險經辦機構的法律定位  葉靜漪;肖京（北京大學法學院）;  
【摘要】 我國《社會保險法》的順利實施受制于社會保險經辦機構管理體制的順暢與否。我國以前立法對社會保險經辦機構的性質和職能的法律定位不明,而《社會保險法》回避了這一問題,直接影響到社會保險業務的辦理。因此,很有必要在理論上對社會保險機構的性質和職能進行定位,并在立法上予以明確。通過對社會保險經辦機構現狀和現行立法相關條文的分析可以看出,我國社會保險經辦機構應該定位為以服務為主但具有行政管理職能的事業單位。
【Abstract】 The smooth implementation of the social insurance law depends on the smooth management system of social insurance agency. The legal status of social insurance agency was ambiguous in the legislation of China and the social insurance law evaded this question. This situation affects the transaction processing of social insurance. So it is necessary to position the nature and function in theory and define it in legislation. From the analysis of the current situation of social insurance agency and the articles of existing legislation, it can be seen that the legal status of social insurance agency should be public institution with both service and administration function.
 
【關鍵詞】 社會保險經辦機構； 性質； 職能； 法律定位；
【Key words】 social insurance agency nature function legal status；
 
16 、我國建立農民醫療保障法律制度的思考  柯楠（信陽職業技術學院）;  
【摘要】 我國的農民醫療保障制度曾有過輝煌,也遭遇過挫折。建立農民醫療保障法律制度是人權事業發展、和諧社會構建、實現農業現代化、解決農民因病返貧、縮小城鄉居民健康差距的需要。近幾年,農民醫療保障制度—新型農村合作醫療的試點推行,為我們制定《農民醫療保障法》提供了立法經驗。建立農民醫療保障法律制度,應堅持科學原則,從法律制度建設入手,依法推進,保持農民醫療保障制度規范、有序、有效。同時,要加強與農民醫療保障法律制度相適應的配套制度改革建設工作,以保證農民醫療保障法律制度落到實處。
【Abstract】 China’s rural medical security system has been brilliant, but also encountered setbacks. Establishing rural medical security legal system is the cause of human rights development. Building a harmonious society, realizing agricultural modernization, solving farmers’ problems of medical care, etc., we need such legislation for farmers’ medical insurance in China badly. In recent years, the farmers’ medical security system - the new rural cooperative medical pilot, i.e., "the farmers’ medical security law" provides legislative experience. Establishing rural medical security legal system, we should adhere to scientific principles, from the legal system to building proceed with, to promote, maintain farmers’ medical security system standard orderly and effectively. At the same time, we must strengthen the farmers’ medical security legal system for its realization practically.
 
【關鍵詞】 農民； 醫療保障； 法律制度； 思考；
【Key words】 farmers medical security legal system thinking；
 
17 、論我國現行藥品專利強制許可立法的不足與完善  黃麗萍（廣東外語外貿大學法學院）; 
【摘要】 面對艾滋病、SARS、禽流感等大規模傳染性疾病對公共健康安全的威脅,世界貿易組織以及各國紛紛加強藥品專利強制許可立法,當然,我國也不例外。但是,我國現行藥品專利強制許可制度,仍然存在立法層次過多、頒發事由不明確、申請主體過窄等不足,在今后進一步完善相關立法時,應考慮在專利法中對藥品專利強制許可做出專門的、完整的規定,并明確將公共健康利益需要作為頒發專利強制許可的事由,以及允許任何單位和個人成為藥品專利強制許可的申請主體。
【Abstract】 Faced with the threat of Aids, SARS, Bird Flu and other large-scale infectious diseases to public health and safety, WTO and many countries, of course including China, have strengthened their legislation on compulsory licensing of pharmaceutics patent. However, in China, there are still some limitations of the current compulsory licensing system of pharmaceutics patent, such as excessive levels of legislation, unclear cause of issuing the law, and limited varieties of applicants, etc. For further improvement of the relevant legislation in the future, it is suggested that, first of all, specialized and complete regulations should be made with regard to compulsory licensing of pharmaceutics patent. Secondly, the beneficial needs of public health should be claimed clear as the cause of issuing patent compulsory licensing. And additionally, any unit and individual should be allowed to be applicant for compulsory licensing of pharmaceutics patent.
 
【關鍵詞】 強制許可； 立法模式； 事由； 申請主體； 公共健康；
【Key words】 compulsory licensing legislation mode cause applicant public health；
 
18 、淺析我國死刑量刑體系中經濟賠償的合理性與局限性  馮春萍（海南師范大學蒸發學院）;   
【摘要】 按照我國《刑法》的規定,刑罰的本質是基于刑事責任對被告人予以懲罰報應,同時,刑罰的目的在于通過減少被告人的再犯可能性實現預防犯罪。同樣,作為實現刑罰過程的量刑也應在這種"本質"和"目的"的體系中進行。人民法院在對死刑案件進行量刑時決定是否將加害方及其家屬等積極進行經濟賠償的行為作為酌定情節予以考慮時,也應該首先從量刑的這種"本質"和"目的"的體系出發來判斷。具體地講,經濟賠償只有與案件的"犯罪事實"有著內在關聯性,本來屬于案件"定罪量刑"的要素時,并且,只有將其置于整個量刑體系下,在與其他眾多的量刑要素的相互關系中被認定確實具有直接影響被告人的過去罪責(刑事責任)及其將來預防(再犯可能性)的意義時,才可以作為死刑量刑的酌定情節予以考慮,才可以成為慎用死刑立即執行而選擇死刑緩期兩年執行的理由。
【Abstract】 According to China’s criminal law, the essence of criminal penalty is to do retribution to the criminal, and its goal is to prevent the criminal from conducting crime again. So, sentencing, as the concrete process to make criminal penalty realized, should also be made in the formation of "retributive essence" and "preventive goal." In a death case, the court should act in the same way when it tries to consider compensation as a factor to determine whether a death penalty should be issued. Compensation can be considered as a reason to choose a sentencing of death penalty with a two years suspended execution rather than death penalty with an immediate execution, only in the case that the compensation reflects the reduction of criminal responsibility and the increase of criminals’ regret.
 
【關鍵詞】 死刑量刑； 經濟賠償； 人民法院裁量權； 酌定情節；
【Key words】 death penalty compensation discretion selective element；
 
19 、自首制度中單位因素的介入及其思考  李東（北京市公安局）;   
【摘要】 單位犯罪以后是否存在自首的問題,刑法學界尚有較大爭議�，F行刑法對單位自首無明確規定,但已有司法解釋對部分犯罪規定了單位自首。本文從邏輯必然性、概念及意義、司法認定及相應的立法完善方面對單位自首進行了簡要分析論述�！缎谭ā窇獙�單位自首內涵明確化。
【Abstract】 It is still in big dispute in the criminal law field whether the surrender issue exists after the crimes are committed by an organization. There is not any clear definition of the organization surrender in current criminal law, but there is actually judicial interpretation about it in some crimes. This article gives a brief statement and analysis of the organization surrender from aspects of logical necessity, concept and significance, judicial cognizance and corresponding improvement of legislation.
 
【關鍵詞】 單位犯罪； 單位自首；
【Key words】 crimes committed by an unit organization surrender；
 
20 、《民事訴訟法》修改與不予執行仲裁裁決——以北京仲裁委員會為對象的實證分析  王亞新（清華大學法學院）;陳福勇（北京仲裁委員會）;  
【摘要】 目前學界和仲裁界對《民事訴訟法》第213條規定的不予執行仲裁裁決的條件是否修改及怎樣修改存在較大爭議。為了給相關討論提供有益素材,有必要取得來自仲裁及司法實踐的第一手資料并作實證性的考察。通過對北京仲裁委員會1995-2010年仲裁裁決被不予執行的裁定進行分析發現,影響不予執行的因素是多元的。從實務的視角出發,至少應把第213條第(四)款牽涉事實認定的事由統一到《仲裁法》第58條作為撤銷仲裁裁決事由的"偽造或隱瞞證據"的規定上去。
【Abstract】 There is much debate currently on how to revise the grounds for non-enforcing arbitral award stipulated in article 213 of China civil procedural law. To provide beneficial reference for related discussion, it is necessary to do an empirical analysis of the first-hand data from the arbitration and judicial practice. Study on rulings concerned with the non-enforcement of the awards issued by Beijing Arbitration Commission from 1995 to 2010 expresses that factors illustrating the non-enforcement of an award are diverse. From the perspective of practice, at least the ground related to fact finding stipulated in Article 213 (4) should be changed into "falsifying or concealing evidence" which is stipulated as grounds of setting aside award in Article 58 of China arbitration law.
 
【關鍵詞】 《民事訴訟法》修改； 不予執行仲裁裁決； 《民訴法》第213條規定事由；
【Key words】 non-enforcement of arbitral award revising civil procedural law article 213 of civil procedural law；
 
21 、刑事認證如何進行——以認知心理學為研究進路  胡宇清;李蓉（湘潭大學法學院）;  
【摘要】 了解認證的形成過程是完善認證制度的基礎。認知心理學認為,認證的過程就是一個問題解決的過程。由于如何正確認證屬于非明確限定性問題,具有模糊性,因此需更多地依靠啟發式策略來解決,認證結論受到多種因素的影響,認證標準是內心確信。
【Abstract】 Understanding the formation process of certification is to improve the certification basis of the system. Cognitive psychology sticks that the certification process is a problem-solving process. How to properly certify as non-clearly defined issues, with ambiguity, therefore, rely more on heuristic strategies, certified by a variety of factors influence. The certification standards are the certification in the inner heart.
 
【關鍵詞】 刑事認證； 非明確限定性問題； 啟發式策略；
【Key words】 criminal attestation non-clearly defined problems heuristic strategy；
 
22 、我國法院對《聯合國國際貨物銷售合同公約》的適用  宣增益;王延妍（中國政法大學國際法學院）;  
【摘要】 隨著統一法之風盛行,《聯合國國際貨物銷售合同公約》的成員國已遍布全球,幾乎所有貿易大國都參與其中。我國作為創始成員國在公約的司法實踐中扮演著重要角色。但由于部分法官國際法知識相對缺乏,在公約的適用方面把握不準。文章選取若干典型判決,從公約的直接適用和選擇適用兩方面指出正確的公約適用方法,并通過對公約與國內法的銜接和中國對第一條第1款(b)項的保留等中國化問題的分析,明確了我國法院在適用CISG公約時應注意的一些問題。
【Abstract】 Along with the global trend of uniform law, the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, has obtained a large membership, with almost all leading trade nations involved. China, as a founding member, plays an indispensable role in the judicial practice of this Convention. But because of a relative lack of knowledge in international law, some judges may not apply this convention properly. This article analyzes several typical cases and points out the appropriate ways of CISG application from direct and selective perspectives. Considering China internal law and reservation of subparagraph (1)(b) of article 1, some noticeable issues are also clarified.
 
【關鍵詞】 CISG； 公約適用； 中國司法實踐；
【Key words】 CISG application of the convention judicial practice in China；
 
23 、從公共秩序的限制適用趨勢析我國有關立法之完善  馬德才（江西財經大學法學院）;  
【摘要】 公共秩序雖因其實質在于維護本國國家及其人民的利益而被稱為國際私法中的"安全閥",但由于它缺乏一個確定、統一的概念與適用標準,因而該制度在實踐中容易被濫用。而公共秩序的濫用勢必大大降低國際私法在協調各國法律沖突中的價值,妨礙國際民事交往的穩定和安全。正是因為如此,所以有必要對公共秩序加以限制適用,這業已成為公共秩序的發展趨勢之一。我國有關立法也應該順應這一發展趨勢加以完善。
【Abstract】 Although the public order is known as the "safety valve" of private international law owing to its safeguarding the interests of the home nation and its people in essence, it is to be abused easily in practice because of its lack of a firm, unified concepts and applicable standards, The abuse of public order is bound to greatly reduce the value of private international law in the course of coordination of conflict of laws, hinder the stability of the international civil exchanges. That is why it is necessary to limit the application of public order, and it is one of the development trends of public order. The relevant legislations should conform to this development trend and to be improved accordingly.
 
【關鍵詞】 國際私法； 公共秩序； 限制適用； 立法完善；
【Key words】 private international law public order limited application legislation improvement；
 
 
24 、日本福島核泄漏事故的法律省思  范純（黑龍江大學法學院）;  
【摘要】 日本福島核泄漏事故的發生有其歷史的必然性,是上世紀50年代建立的日本式經濟體制弊端在核電領域的折射。審視日本70年代建立的核電監督體制,其效率性存在不足,加之司法曖昧,一定程度上助推了事故的發生。
【Abstract】 Japan Fukushima nuclear leak accident has its historical inevitability. It is the reflection of Japanese economic system’s abuse that established in the 1950s in the field of nuclear power. Looking at the supervision system of Japan’s nuclear power that made in 1970s, it has some defects of efficient shortcoming, of judicial lack of justice. These factors to a certain extent promote the occurrence of the accident.
 
【關鍵詞】 日本核事故； 核電政策； 監管體制； 核電訴訟；
【Key words】 Japan nuclear accident policy of nuclear power regulatory regime nuclear power litigation；
 
25 、論禁討區——憲法學視角下的反思與修正  呂鑫（浙江工業大學法學院）; 
【摘要】 現今普遍設立的禁討區存在爭議,而憲法學的視角則認為政府固然有維護公共秩序的權力,但那些以維護生命安全為目的的乞討行為同樣受到生命權的保護,由此在權力與權利交匯之時必須謹慎的權衡。而現今的禁討區則往往忽視了乞討者的權利,并侵犯了其生命權和平等權。但不得侵犯并不等于不得限制,以尊重乞討者的權利為前提,通過修正仍可提出一種合憲的禁討區。
【Abstract】 The prevalence of the "no-begging zone" in China is controversial. In the view of the science of constitution, the government has no doubt authority and right to maintain public order, but the beggars are also protected by the right of subsistence with the purpose of maintaining their own lives. It must be comprehensively and cautiously balanced. Nowadays, the so-called "no-begging zone" have ignored beggars’ rights and violated their right to life and equality. But if legislators take seriously of beggars’ rights, a constitutional "no-begging zone "still can be legislated to limit begging.
 
【關鍵詞】 禁討區； 乞討行為； 合憲性； 生命權； 平等權；
【Key words】 no-begging zone begging constitutional right of subsistence equal right；
 
26 、試論我國無效婚姻立法的缺陷及完善  王小英（山西政法干部管理學院）; 
【摘要】 我國《婚姻法》雖然有無效婚姻的規定,但立法上仍然存在一些缺陷,給司法實踐解決相關問題造成了困難。例如,對因疾病導致婚姻無效的規定不明確;對無效婚姻的認定缺乏行政救濟途徑;對當事人提出的婚姻確認之訴實行一審終審,不利于保護其合法權益;受害一方在婚姻被確認無效后得不到相應的民事賠償等。筆者認為應該對無效婚姻立法進行修改完善:在實體法律上明確、細化不宜結婚的疾病種類及不同疾病禁止結婚的條件,在認定程序上適用二審終審制,在行政救濟上賦予婚姻登記機關認定無效婚姻的權力,在民事賠償上建立無效婚姻受害一方損害賠償制度。
【Abstract】 Although China marriage law has regulations on invalid marriage, there still exist some defects which raise difficulties for judicial practice in resolving related issues. For example, it is not clear to the provisions of nullity of marriage due to illness. It lacks administrative channel for relief on identification of invalid marriage. First instance is the final instance for marriage identification which goes against in protecting legitimate rights and interests. The injured party may not get civil compensation when his or her marriage is confirmed as invalid. The writer suggest to revise and improve the legislation on invalid marriage, such as clarification on substantive law, refinement of the illness which should not get married, refinement of different disease conditions against marriage, application of second instance as the final instance on clarification procedures, empowerment of marriage registration office to identify the invalid marriage, establishment of compensation system for injured party on invalid marriage.
 
 
【關鍵詞】 無效婚姻； 立法缺陷； 完善；
【Key words】 invalid marriage defect on legislation improve；
 
27 、第三人過錯不應作為環境污染民事責任的抗辯事由  彭本利（中山大學法學院）; 
【摘要】 本文分析了第三人過錯是過錯責任侵權案件的抗辯事由,全面梳理了第三人過錯在我國環境立法中的地位演變,并就第三人過錯是否為環境污染民事責任抗辯事由的理論爭議進行了深入的述評。提出在以后修改《海洋環境保護法》及《水污染防治法》,甚至制定專門的環境侵權責任法時,除了明確規定在所有環境污染領域第三人過錯都不是抗辯事由外,還需合理地設置第三人過錯污染環境民事責任的追究機制和社會化救濟機制。
【Abstract】 That this article first analyzes the fault of a third person is the defenses of the tort cases of fault liability. Then it comprehensively reviews the evolution of the fault of a third person’s position in China’s environmental legislation, and for theoretical arguments about whether the fault of a third party is the defenses in civil liability for environmental pollution. It proposed that in any subsequent revision of China "marine environmental protection law" and "water pollution control act," and even the development of specialized environmental tort liability act, we should clearly define the fault of a third person, which are not the defenses in all areas of environmental pollution, while we also need to set up the mechanism of investigating the civil liability for fault of a third party leading to the environmental pollution and set up a social relief mechanism.
 
【關鍵詞】 第三人過錯； 環境污染； 民事責任； 抗辯事由；
【Key words】 fault of the third part environmental pollution civil liability defenses；
 
 
28 、非常規突發事件應急準備的法律保障  林華（中國政法大學）; 
【摘要】 由于非常規突發事件具有發生前兆不充分、演變發展無規律等特征,事前應急準備凸顯其重要性。文章分析了我國非常規突發事件應急準備所存在的問題,并針對這些問題,從建立相關應急準備制度、健全和完善已有應急預防制度、建立健全相關應急預防制度的具體落實和執行措施等角度提出發展和完善非常規突發事件應急準備法律制度的初步建議。
【Abstract】 The emergency happens with unobvious portent and develops with abnormal regulation, so the preparedness of emergency is extremely important. The article starts from the importance of the preparedness of emergency, analyzes the reason why people ignore the preparedness of emergency, then analyses present problems of the preparedness of emergency in China, finally puts forward some suggestions of developing the legal system of the preparedness of emergency from the view of establishing the relevant systems, developing the present systems and establishing the concrete implemental measures of the preparedness of emergency.
 
【關鍵詞】 非常規突發事件； 應急準備； 法律保障；
【Key words】 emergency preparedness legal guarantee；
 
29 、論刑事偵查階段偵查權與辯護權的動態平衡  周永勝（中國政法大學刑事司法學院）;   
【摘要】 刑事訴訟職能對于刑事訴訟各個階段控、辯、審三方權力(利)的配置有理論和實踐上的指導作用。本文從刑事訴訟職能出發,在探討辯護理論基礎和職能本質的基礎上,以律師會見權的保障與合理限制為視角,探討偵查階段辯護權與偵查權的互動關系。由于偵查程序的特殊性,在辯護權與偵查權關系的問題上,要求我們不能"平均用力",也不能"厚此薄彼",而應實現辯護權與偵查權的動態平衡。
【Abstract】 Function of the criminal procedure is configured with the theoretical and practical guidance to the rights of three parties for the prosecution, defense and trial on the criminal procedure phases. This article explores the interaction of the power of investigation and the right of defense on the investigation stage on the perspective of protection and rational limitation of the right to a lawyer and analyzing the theoretical foundation and essence of defense. Due to the particularity of investigation procedure, we should achieve dynamic balance, more than "mean forced", nor "favor one more than another" with regard to the relationship of power of investigation and right of defense.
 
【關鍵詞】 刑事辯護律師； 辯護職能； 偵查權； 辯護權；
【Key words】 criminal defense lawyer power of investigation right of defense；
 
30 、國際人權法及締約國國內法對外國人財產權的保障及對我國之啟示  洛巖（中國社會科學院）; 
【摘要】 通過對聯合國框架下的人權條約、各區域人權條約以及主要締約國在外國人財產權保障方面的規定和做法進行研究,可知聯合國人權條約對一般意義上個人(包括外國人)財產權的保護程度明顯偏弱,各區域人權公約對財產權的保護則各有側重,各締約國對外國人的財產普遍有一定限制。其中有不少是我國在外國人財產權方面制定和適用法律、規則可借鑒的做法。
【Abstract】 This article draws the conclusions that the international human rights treaties under UN structure do not totally prohibit treating persons differently according to differentiated nationalities, and the protection of individual (including the aliens’) property rights in general terms by the international human rights treaties under UN structure is very weak, while the regional human rights treaties pay attentions on different aspects of the protection of the property rights, and nearly every country has some kind of limitation on the property rights of aliens, as well as bring forward the modus operandi drawn from such conclusions which we can learn from for the establishment of laws and regulations for the property rights of aliens by China. Through systematic analysis of provisions of international human rights law under UN structure, regional human rights treaties concern the property rights, as well as modus operandi of the protection of the property rights by main contracting states.
 
【關鍵詞】 外國人權利； 財產權保障； 國際人權法；
【Key words】 aliens’ rights protection of property rights international human rights law；
 
 
31 、如何打造優秀的法學教育  杰羅姆·弗蘭克（紐約法學院）;王晨光（清華大學法學院）; 
【摘要】 朗戴爾法學教育理論和教學法是美國法學院占主導地位的教育模式,備受推崇。然而在理論上,它具有明顯的缺陷;在實踐中,則造成了學生與法律實踐相脫節的后果。它認為法律學科的全部資料都儲存在出版物之中。封閉性、復古性、考據性成為構建朗戴爾方法的基石,形成了一個建立在書本資料上的偽科學體系。法學院應當完全拋棄朗戴爾教學法,直接面對社會問題,在更高層次上回歸學徒制度,以律師事務所模式為法學教育的核心,以執業者為教師,以現實社會中的法律問題為教學內容,刻不容緩地推行法學教育實驗。
【Abstract】 The Lang dell Educational Theory and the Method of Teaching Law has been the most admired and long dominant model of legal education in American law schools. Nevertheless, in theory, it has apparent flaws and, in practice, creates bad consequence of separating students from legal reality. It regards legal science contained in printed books. Seclusion, nostalgia and bookishness form the foundation of the Lang dell Pedagogy and constitute a pseudo-scientific system based solely upon book-materials. Law schools must abandon the Lang dell Pedagogy, face directly social problems, revert to the apprentice system of law teaching on a more sophisticated level, make law office as the center of law schools, employ practitioners as law teachers, use real legal issues in society as teaching materials and promote educational experiment.
 
【關鍵詞】 法學教育； 朗戴爾教學法； 法律科學； 法律實踐； 案例體系； 行動中的法律； 學徒式教學法；
【Key words】 legal education Langdell pedagogy legal science legal practice case system law in action apprentice system of learning；
 
 

日期：2012-7-24 14:52:35 | 關閉 |  分享到：