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《法學雜志》2012年第一期目錄與摘要

http://www.djtrjvjv.cn　 2012-7-24 14:56:02　 來源：中國法學會網

1.、王軼教授
【摘要】 <正>王軼,男,1972年6月生,河南南陽人,蒙古族。現為中國人民大學法學院教授、博士生導師,擔任中國人民大學法學院副院長、中國人民大學知識產權學院副院長、教育部人文社會科學重點研究基地-中國人民大學民商事法律科學研究中心副主任,兼任中國法學會民法學研究會副秘書長
 
【關鍵詞】 中國人民大學； 研究基地； 蒙古族； 知識產權； 河南南陽； 副院長； 科學重點； 法學院； 博士生導師； 人文社會；
 
 

2.、我國刑事訴訟制度的進步與發展——2011年《刑事訴訟法修正案(草案)》評介  樊崇義（中國政法大學）;
【摘要】 2011年8月通過初審并公布于眾、征詢意見的《中華人民共和國刑事訴訟法修正案》(草案)中對證據概念與種類所做的變化、對證明標準的進一步明確與完善以及非法證據排除規則的確立等內容充分表明我國刑事證據制度有了巨大的進步與發展。與此同時,修正案還對辯護制度、刑事強制措施以及偵查程序等方面的刑事訴訟制度做了改革與完善。誠然,修正案中有些刑事制度的改革依然存在不盡如人意之處,如非法證據排除規則,但是必須要說明的是修正案中所做的有關刑事訴訟制度的改革在一定程度上集中反映了我國刑事訴訟制度的進步與發展。
【Abstract】 "Amendments to the Criminal Procedure Law (draft)" in August 2011 has been made public by the trial. The concepts and types of evidence have been made many changes in this amendment. At the same time the amendment makes further to clarify and improve the standard of proof, and establish the rule excluding illegally obtained evidence. All of the reforms show the criminal evidence system has got tremendous progress and development. The amendment also made some reform and improvements on the defense system, criminal investigation procedures, enforcement measures and other aspects of the criminal system. Frankly speaking, there are still some defects in this amendment, such as the illegal evidence exclusion rules. However we must recognize that the amendments made in the reform of the criminal system to some extent, has focused our criminal system progress and development.
 
【關鍵詞】 刑事訴訟法修正案； 進步； 發展； 證據； 辯護； 偵查；
【Key words】 criminal procedure amendment progress developing evidence defend investigation；
 
 
 

3.、監視居住制度評析——以2011年《刑事訴訟法修正案(草案)》為視角  李鐘;劉浪 （浙江省寧波市北侖區人民檢察院）;
【摘要】 2011年《中華人民共和國刑事訴訟法修正案(草案)》(以下簡稱《修正案草案》)充分注意到了現行監視居住制度在實施過程中所暴露出的問題,并對監視居住制度進行了一系列的改造。《修正案草案》的立法初衷是將監視居住確立為一種減少羈押的替代性措施,但具體的條文設計卻使監視居住制度產生了內部的分裂。在嫌疑人、被告人自己住所執行的監視居住可以被認為是一種非羈押性的強制措施,但指定居所的監視居住顯然已成為一種羈押性的強制措施。因此,為了防止權力的濫用和充分保障嫌疑人、被告人的人權,對指定居所的監視居住需要進行更為嚴格的審查與控制。具體的審查、控制方法可以參照對逮捕的審查、控制方法,同時也需要確立對其進行定期羈押必要性審查的制度。另外還需確立錯誤指定居所監視居住的國家賠償制度作為最后一道"防線"。
 
【Abstract】 "The Amendment Of Criminal Procedural Law (Draft)"(hereinafter referred to as the "Draft")is fully aware of problems of the current system of residential surveillance exposed in the implementation process, and undertakes a series of major transformations to the system. The original legislative intention of the Draft is to achieve the reduction of unnecessary pretrial detention. But the specific provision design obviously makes internal divisions in the system of residential surveillance. Suspects and defendants under surveillance in their own domicile can be thought of as a non-custodial measure, but the designated residential surveillance has clearly become a custodial measure. Therefore, in order to prevent the abuse of power and to guarantee human rights, there is the need of a tight legal control for the designated residential surveillance. The methods of surveillance can refer to methods of arrest, but it is also necessary to establish the periodic investigation system of detention. As a last line of defense, the system of the state compensation also needs to be established if error designated surveillance occurs.
 
【關鍵詞】 《中華人民共和國刑事訴訟法修正案(草案)》； 監視居住； 立法完善；
【Key words】 amendment of criminal procedural law (draft) residential surveillance legislation perfection
 
 
 

4.、沉默權之賦予與證明標準之轉型  楊文革（南京大學法學院）;
【摘要】 口供之必取是支撐我國"符合說"之證明標準理論成立的關鍵。在賦予被追訴者沉默權之后,我國的證明標準必將面臨轉型。對于那些被追訴者不予供述的案件,應當實行內心確信的證明標準;對于那些被追訴者自愿供述的案件,可實行高度蓋然性的證明標準。 更多還原
【Abstract】 Statements of support for our country must take is "consistent with that" proof of the key to the establishment of the standard theory. In the defendants′ right to remain silent after being given, the standard of proof will face China′s transformation. For those who are not statements of prosecution cases, the heart should be confident that the implementation of standards; prosecution for those who voluntarily confessed to be the case, can exercise a high degree of probability standard of proof.
 
【關鍵詞】 口供； 沉默權； 證明標準； 內心確信； 高度蓋然性；
【Key words】 statement silence standard of proof heart sure high degree of probability； 
 

5.、新自由主義、金融危機與金融監管體制之變革  楊松;張永亮（遼寧大學法學院）;
【摘要】 新自由主義理念支配下的華爾街金融創新日新月異,金融市場"高度繁榮"。受此影響,監管領域出現了反監管思潮,其邏輯后果便是市場與政府(監管)出現雙重失靈,金融危機爆發并蔓延。美國金融監管權力配置的欠缺導致監管沖突與監管真空;監管成本與監管收益不匹配;監管部門組成人員配置不合理。在全球金融體制風云變幻的今天,汲取美國教訓、完善我國金融監管體制應重點關注:信守保護投資者和消費者之市場永恒價值真諦;建立宏觀審慎監管體制以應對系統性風險;通過內部控制與外部監管,完善金融機構治理;構建對監管者之"監管"制度;重點監管民間金融和影子銀行系統。
【Abstract】 Under the neoliberalism, the Wall Street experienced changing financial innovation and high prosperity of financial market. Under its influence, the idea of deregulation has risen in the regulation area, which has resulted in double failures in market and government regulation, the outburst and spread of financial crisis. Deficiency of US financial regulation power distribution has led to conflict and vacuum of regulation, disproportion between regulation cost and regulation benefit, illogicality of manpower disposition in regulating agency. With the daily changing of global financial system, we should learn a lesson from the United States to perfect our national financial regulation system. The emphases are to abide by the permanent values in the market of protecting the investor and consumer, to build a general and prudent regulating system to address systemic risk, to improve financial institutions management through internal control and external regulation, to construct an oversight system aimed at regulators, and to put focus on regulation of civilian financial system and shadow banking system.
 
【關鍵詞】 新自由主義； 金融危機； 金融監管；
【Key words】 neoliberalism financial crisis reform of financial supervision system；
 

6.、社會主義法治建設的動力分析  付子堂;陳仲（西南政法大學）;
【摘要】 "依法治國,建設社會主義法治國家"是我國現代化建設的一個重要目標,同時也是一項艱巨而又復雜的系統工程。如何充分調動各方面的積極力量,形成合力,是我們應該思考而又必須解決的重要課題。從馬克思主義哲學的視角看,社會主義法治建設的動力可以分為原動力在于人的需要,根本動力在于社會基本矛盾運動規律,直接動力在于理論引領與權力推動。
 
【Abstract】 "Managing a country by law, building a socialist the rule of law country’s one of important modernization construction targets, but also a difficult and complex system engineering. How to fully mobilize all positive forces to form a cohesive force, we should ponder over and solve an important issue. From view of Marxism Philosophy, the construction of socialist rule of law can be divided into motive power lies in the person′s need; the basic reformative motivation rule of social basic contradiction; Direct power lies in the theoretical guide and power boost.
 
【關鍵詞】 法治； 社會主義法治建設； 動力；
【Key words】 rule of law the construction of socialist rule of law power；
 

7.、食品監管瀆職罪探析  儲槐植;李莎莎（北京師范大學刑事法律科學研究院） ;
【摘要】 食品是人類生活的基本需求之一。民以食為天,而食又以安為先。近些年來,我國食品安全事件頻發,違法犯罪猖獗,《刑法》保護不力。為此,《中華人民共和國刑法修正案(八)》第49條增設食品監管瀆職罪,以嚴厲打擊食品領域的瀆職行為,強化國家的監管責任。本文就食品監管瀆職罪增設的必要性、法條的解讀以及與相關罪名的區分進行探析,以期能對司法實踐有所裨益。
【Abstract】 Food is one of the basic needs of human life. The People take the basis on food, while security takes the precedence of food. In recent years, the food safety accidents happened frequently, food safety crimes are rampant, and Criminal Law protection is not enough. Therefore, Article 49 in Amendment(Ⅷ) to the Criminal Law of the P.R.C. adds the crime of malfeasance in food regulation in order to combat malfeasance in food industry and strengthen state supervision duty. This paper makes a research on necessity of adding the crime of malfeasance in food regulation, explanation of law items, difference between the crime of malfeasance in food Regulation and related accusations, which may give the benefit to application of the accusation in judicial practice.
【關鍵詞】 食品監管瀆職罪； 必要性； 法條解讀； 相關罪名；
【Key words】 crime of malfeasance in food regulation necessity explanation of law items related accusation；
 

8.、在我國建立以“假釋為主、減刑為輔”的罪犯出獄新模式  劉強（上海政法學院）;
【摘要】 我國重減刑、輕假釋的現狀源于刑法規定中的邏輯悖論,由此影響了減刑假釋制度對罪犯更新改造、重返社會、預防和減少重新犯罪、降低刑罰成本功能的有效發揮,影響了假釋的廣泛適用,不利于監獄和社會秩序的穩定。我國應適當降低假釋標準,提高減刑標準,以此來完善我國的減刑假釋制度。
【Abstract】 In China, the actuality of attaching importance to reduction of sentence but belittling parole results from logical paradox in Criminal Law. It influences the system of reduction of penalty and parole′s function in rehabilitation and reform of criminals, helping them return to society, preventing from and reducing re-offence and reducing the cost of penalty. It also influences the wide application of parole, and is unfavorable to the stability of prison′ order and social order. From the perspective of legislation, this article brings forward the idea of appropriately reducing the standard of parole and enhancing the standard of reduction of penalty.
 
【關鍵詞】 假釋為主； 減刑為輔； 調整減刑假釋標準； 罪犯出獄新模式；
【Key words】 parole principally reduction of penalty secondly adjust the standard of reduction of penalty and parole new model of criminal′s being released from prison；
 

9.、信用本質:經濟要求權的實現——基于全球金融危機的反思  李曉安（首都經貿大學法學院）;
【摘要】 肇端于2007年初的美國次級抵押房貸危機以難以預料的方式迅速、廣泛、深刻地影響整個世界的經濟、政治、以至思想。金融衍生產品的極度擴張與發展,不僅使監管者、中介機構和投資者都陷入風險定價迷失之中,更因為在危機鏈條環節,不斷創造出來的金融衍生產品將法律關系中的信用主體模糊,使得虛擬經濟條件下的信用比照實體經濟中信用構成要素發生很大變化。傳統的信用學說并沒有將股權與信用相聯系,而在現代經濟社會中,資本市場的重要性及其信用問題使股權與信用關系極為密切。隨著現代信息技術的發展,知識已經成為資本、生產要素的組成部分,"敏捷制造"等新型的生產方式使得傳統的價值鏈構成發生了重大變革,將知識產權納入信用的研究范圍探討并揭示經濟社會信用本質具有重要意義。
【Abstract】 The U.S. subprime mortgage crisis which started from the early of 2007, quickly, extensively and profoundly affects the world′s economic, politics and even the thoughts in unexpected ways. The extreme expansion and development of financial derivatives, not only made the regulators, intermediaries and investors lost into the risk-based pricing, but also made the subject of credit uncertain and the credit in virtual economic conditions greatly changed in the constituent elements because of the chain links in the crisis, financial derivatives which was continuously created. The traditional theory of credit does not link the shareholders′ rights with credit, but in the modern economic society, the importance of capital market and credit problems make shareholders′ rights connecting with credit closely. As the development of modern information technology, knowledge has become the composition of capitals, production factors, "agile manufacturing" and other new mode of production have made the traditional value chain undergoing major changes. It is important to put intellectual property right in the scope of the research of credit and reveal economic and social credit essence.
 
【關鍵詞】 信用； 構成要素； 內涵發展； 信用本質； 經濟要求權；
【Key words】 credit elements development of meaning essence of credit right of economic claims；
 

10.、論質量法學學科的創建  何永軍（昆明理工大學法學院）;
【摘要】 質量法學是研究廣義的質量法律制度、質量法律現象以及與質量法律相關諸問題及其規律的一門新興學科。質量法學不但具有自身獨特的研究對象,而且還具有自身獨立的研究問題,故從學科劃分的標準來看其完全能夠成為一門獨立的學科。中國目前創建質量法學的主客觀條件已基本成就,創建質量法學正逢其時。質量法學必將是一門具有廣闊發展前途的學科,我們應加強其相關基礎理論的研究。
【Abstract】 Quality Jurisprudence is a new subject which studies the generalized quality of legal system, the quality of legal phenomena and the various issues with quality of laws. Quality Jurisprudence not only has its own unique object of study, but also has its own independent research questions, so it will become an independent Subject from the standards of Subject division. Subjective conditions and objective conditions which found Quality Jurisprudence has been basically achieved in China , creating quality legal has a good chance. Quality Jurisprudence is a subject with broad developed prospects, for which we need to strengthen the related basic research.
【關鍵詞】 質量興國； 質量法學； 學科；
【Key words】 quality jurisprudence subject；
 
11、《法國民法典》規定的準侵權行為辨析  羅結珍（北京第二外國語法學院）;
【摘要】 我國一些學者認為《法國民法典》的侵權行為一般條款是第1382條,第1383條是對第1382條的補充,而第1384條是對準侵權行為的概括性規定。這一評介存在明顯錯誤。實際上,第1383條才是《法國民法典》有關準侵權行為的一般規定。
【Abstract】 In China, some scholars hold that the general provision of delict stipulated in French Civil Code is Article 1382. Article 1383 is the supplement to Article 1382, and Article 1384 is the generalized (summarized) provision of quasi-delict. This comment is totally (obviously) wrong. In fact, unintentional delict stipulated in Article 1383 is the general provision of quasi-delict in French Civil Code.
 
【關鍵詞】 法國民法； 準侵權行為；
【Key words】 french civil law quasi-delict；
 
12、民間資本運行的危機透視與法制思考  楊積堂（北京聯合大學運用文理學院）;
【摘要】 近來民間資本運行的亂象頻現,凸顯民間資本運行之危機。本文通過當前發生的民間資本運行中的典型個案,透視民間資本運行的混亂的現象、根源及危害,揭示民間資本運行中法律機制的缺失和監督機制的失靈,在此基礎上,思考探索如何為民間資本運行構建良性的法律保障機制。
【Abstract】 Disordered phenomenon in operation of nongovernmental capital has frequently occurred in recent years, which brings out the clues of operation crisis in nongovernmental capital. This paper is to examine the disordered phenomenon, source and harm existing in the operation crisis of nongovernmental capital and to reveal the failure in supervision mechanism as well as the loss in legal mechanism. On the basis, how to establish the healthy legal guarantee mechanism for nongovernmental capital operation is explored in this paper.
 
【關鍵詞】 民間資本； 運行； 危機； 法制思考；
【Key words】 operation of nongovernmental capital crisis legal thinking；
 
13、我國商法的核心價值:邏輯展開與實踐應用  王建文（中國人民大學法學院）;
【摘要】 總綱性規范的缺失以及以之為載體的商法核心價值的模糊是我國商事司法實踐中法律適用困境的重要原因。為使我國商法理論研究與商事立法、司法等實務活動獲得確定的價值指引,有必要對我國商法核心價值的邏輯展開及實踐應用進行系統研究。商法的核心價值曾被普遍界定為效率或效益,但基于正本清源,應將其界定為自由,其內容主要表現為強化私法自治與經營自由。商法中自由價值的邊界應立足于秩序價值進行界定。在商事立法、監管及審判活動中,應立足于自由與秩序的平衡,使商法核心價值的得到合理應用。
【Abstract】 The major causes of the plight of law application in Chinese business judicial practice include the lack of the general rule and the mistiness of business law’s core value by the carrier of the general rule. To guide the theoretical research of Chinese business law and practical activities such as legislation and justice of business definitely, it is necessary to research systematically the logic expansion and practical application of the core value of Chinese business law. The core value of business law had been generally defined as efficiency or benefit. However, with the purpose of radically reform, it should be defined as freedom which manifests in strengthening the autonomy of private law and the freedom of operation. The boundary of freedom value in the business law should be based on the order value. In the activities of legislation, regulation and trial of business, the balance of freedom and order should be based on to make the core value of business law to be applied reasonably.
 
【關鍵詞】 商法核心價值； 自由； 秩序； 邊界； 平衡；
【Key words】 the core value of business law freedom order boundary balance；
 
14、行政權濫用的預測與防范  崔卓蘭;杜一平（吉林大學法學院）;
【摘要】 行政主體面對在執法中潛在的隱患和未來的不利因素時,因缺乏較好的認知意識和防范機制,在面對權力欲、金錢欲和物質欲望的刺激時容易喪失免疫力,導致以權謀私、權錢交易等為求利益而濫用行政權的問題產生。行政權濫用嚴重干擾了經濟與社會的健康發展,阻礙了國家法治目標的實現。行政權濫用具有事先預防的可能性,本文以政府自身建設為基點,通過對執法程序中可能存在行政權濫用的環節進行事前預測和分析,提出了科學有效的事前防范與控制機制,以此作為實現依法行政的制度保障。
【Abstract】 When the administrative agencies face the latent dangers and coming disadvantageous factors with law enforcement, due to the worse cognition and prevention system, and the worship for power, money and material, tend to depart from principle,problems of abusing of authority for personal gains will easily occur,with the exchange of right and money, whereas, it has the possibilities for the administrative agencies to take precautions against the abuse of authority in advance. This paper bases on the government self-improvement, predicts and analyses problems of authority abuse during the enforcement, proposes a scientific and effective precaution and control mechanism, to achieve security supervision system of law-based administration.
 
【關鍵詞】 行政執法； 權力濫用； 風險預測； 防范機制；
【Key words】 administration powers abuse of authority forecast risk precaution mechanism；
 
15 、我國引航法律制度研究  張麗;王秀芬（大連海事大學法學院）;
【摘要】 引航,舊稱引水、領港、領江,是指在一定的引航區域內(港口或內河),專門性的從業人員(即引航員)登上船舶,為船舶指引航向,把船舶安全地引進、帶出港口或在港內移泊。引航是一種資源,具有公益性和主權性。引航的目的不是為了盈利,而是提供公共服務。由于港口的航道條件構成了一個國家的天然屏障,事關一國的國防,因而按照國際慣例,引航員必須由本國人擔任,并且對出入港口的外國籍船舶實行強制引航。這是一個國家引航權的體現,是國家主權的一部分。本文針對我國引航體制改革,結合國際相關立法,對我國引航法律制度所涉及引航管理體制模式、引航機構資質管理、引航員資質管理以及引航作業中法律責任加以研究。
【Abstract】 Pilotage is defined that a pilot is on board a vessel and helps the master navigate the vessel to protect the vessel put in or put out a port safely. The pilotage is a kind of resource and it presents the sovereignty of the state. The goal of the pilotage is not for gainings, but it is for providing common service. Because a port is a national bar of a country, according to international rules, a pilot must be a citizen of the state. The pilotage is forcible for a foreign vessel. The thesis focuses on the system reformation on the pilotage of China. Coming together international relative legislation the writer proposes some advices on the pilotage legal system in China.
 
【關鍵詞】 引航； 引航員； 引航權； 引航區； 強制引航；
【Key words】 pilotage pilot the power of pilotage the scope of piloage forcible pilotage；
 
16 、論制止危害中國海洋領土安全活動的法律對策  盛紅生（浙江理工大學法政學院）;
【摘要】 近年來,中國海洋領土安全受到各種危害活動的嚴重威脅,主要表現在釣魚島及其附屬島嶼和南沙群島部分島礁被外國非法占領,在專屬經濟區內以及專屬經濟區上空針對中國的外國軍事活動明顯增多等等。因此,為了持續宣示中國對被外國占領的島礁的主權,應通過特別立法建立巡航制度,派遣軍艦前往我被占領土地區巡航,在時機成熟時收復島礁并實行有效控制;借助國內立法明確中國政府在"專屬經濟區軍事活動"問題上的立場,針對不同性質的活動適用不同的規則;建立"防空識別區"防止針對中國的外國軍用飛機飛越專屬經濟區上空。我們的立場、觀點和主張應借助國內立法確定下來,為將來解決國際爭端主張我方權利時提供有力證據。
【Abstract】 In recent years, detrimental acts by foreign States have imposed critical threat to marine territory security of China, such as dozens of islands of China in Nansha regions are occupied unlawfully by other States, and increasing military operations by foreign States in waters and in space above China’s economic exclusive zone are prominent as well.It is necessary to conduct marine patrols in occupied area in accordance with domestic legislations, so as to keep proclaiming China’s sovereignty over these islands, and furthermore, to retrieve the islands and carry out effective control if possible. By municipal legislation, it should be clarified China’s position concerning foreign military operations in our economic exclusive zone, and apply various rules to the operations concerned based on their nature, and moreover, Air Defense Identification Zone should be established to suppress flight targeting at China by foreign military aircrafts through space above China’s economic exclusive zone. It is conducive to crystallize our position and appeals by municipal legislation as soon as possible, to provide legal evidence to justify our right in case international dispute would be settled by judicial approach in the future.
 
【關鍵詞】 專屬經濟區； 海洋防務安全； 法律對策；
【Key words】 exclusive economic zone marine defense legal solutions；
 
17 、論我國代表人訴訟制度正當性基礎的應然選擇——美國集團訴訟的歷史考察與現代啟示  曹偉 （北京師范大學）;
【摘要】 意思自治與集體主義的沖突自始自終貫穿于集團訴訟歷史發展的全過程。共同利益理論、同意理論以及實體理論則是學界為緩解這一沖突而提出的對策。實體理論既克服了共同利益理論在方法論假定上的缺陷,也可以克服同意理論在事實假定上的不足,是我國構建代表人訴訟制度正當性基礎的最佳選擇。
【Abstract】 The individual autonomy′s conflict with collectivism has been throughout the development of U.S. class action. In order to de-escalate the conflict, the American legal scholarship offered Common Interest Theory, Consent Theory and Substantive Theory as solutions. Substantive Theory overcomes the Common Interest Theory′s defect in methodology and the Consent Theory′s defect in factual assumptions, and therefore is the best choice of justification of representative litigation in China.
 
【關鍵詞】 集團訴訟； 共同利益理論； 同意理論； 實體理論；
【Key words】 class action common interest theory consent theory substantive theory；
 
18 、孫中山的法治理想與現實困境  馬建紅（山東大學法學院）;
【摘要】 作為中華民國的締造者,建立真正主權在民的民主共和國,實現約束和限制公權力以保障人民的權利和自由的法治理想,貫穿于孫中山先生整個革命生涯中。在革命處于低潮時期,孫中山就開始思考通過約法以預防軍政府對人民權利的侵奪;辛亥革命后又寄希望于《臨時約法》的責任內閣制來防止袁世凱的復辟;北洋軍閥混戰時期的孫中山,又設計一個訓政階段以訓練民眾學會使用"四權",以此實現普遍的守法和良法之治。然而這些法治理想在與現實相遇后,卻表現出一種無力感,甚至引導現實走向了理想的反面。孫中山先生所面臨的世紀難題,也應引起當代人的警醒與反思。
【Abstract】 Being the founder of the Republic of China, the ideal of building a democratic republic state by restraining and limiting the public authority to protect the people′s right and liberty reflected Mr. Sun Yat-sen′s whole revolutionary life. When the revolution went into a hard period, Sun Yat-sen tried to prevent the military government from depriving the people′s rights by the provisional constitution, after the Revolution of 1911, he placed his hope on the responsible cabinet system of The Interim Constitution of the Republic of China to avoid Yuan Shih-kai′s restoration, during the fighting among the Northern Warlords, Sun Yat-sen planned the Political Tutelage to train the people to use "four powers," thus, the people could realize the observance of the law and self-government under the law. However, when this ideal was put into practice, it turned out to be powerless, even leading the reality to the opposition of the ideal. The problem that Mr. Sun Yat-sen met also calls for modern people′s awakenings and reflections.
 
【關鍵詞】 孫中山； 法治理想； 約法之治； 《臨時約法》訓政；
【Key words】 Sun Yat-sen ideal of rule of law the rule of provisional constitution the interim constitution of the Republic of China political tutelage；
 
19 、中華法系的原生形態、發展軌跡和基本特征  武樹臣（山東大學法學院）;
【摘要】 古史傳說時代的東夷民族,不僅發明了最初的法律制度,還釀造了豐富的法律觀念,這些內容構成了中華法系的原生形態。中華法系自西周至唐代基本形成。西周法律的總體精神是禮而宏觀樣式是判例法。戰國秦朝確立了集權政體和"成文法"同時開始將禮局部成文法化。漢代開始了儒法互補、禮法結合并初建"混合法"樣式。《唐律疏議》標志著成文法對禮的全面吸收以及律與例的結合。這標志著中華法系發展到巔峰。中華法系的基本特征是倫理主義精神和成文法與判例、法律規范與非法律規范相結合的"混合法"。
【Abstract】 Dongyi nationality created not only original legal institutions, but also profuse notions of law, which constituted the prototype of Chinese legal system. Chinese Legal System had taken shape basically in Tang dynasty. The total spirit of Western Zhou′s law was Li, and macroscopical style of which was the case law. In Chan Kuo and Qin Dynasty, the centralized regime and the statute law had been established, and in the meantime Li was converted into the statute partly. The Han Dynasty began to promote the combination of Li and law, and formed the mixed-law. "The Tang law dredges opinion"indicated the all-sided combination of Li and law, Lv and Li(case),which meant the top development of Chinese legal system. The ethicality and the mixed-law, which combined the statute law and the case law, legal norms and other norms, are the basic spirit of Chinese legal system.
 
【關鍵詞】 中華法系； 東夷； 仁禮； 律刑；
【Key words】 Chinese legal system dongyi ren Li Lv；
 
20 、論法院執行權力的分解  徐振華;俞榮根（西南政法大學）;
【摘要】 傳統執行體制下執行權的運行模式存在重大缺陷,導致近年來法院執行系統的違法違紀現象層出不窮。原因之一,在于傳統執行體制下執行權力過于集中,其配置和運行不科學。在現有體制框架下,分解法院執行權并致其相互制衡是可供優先選擇的一條路徑。法院的執行權可一分為四:執行調查權、執行實施權、執行裁決權、執行監督權。
【Abstract】 There are significant shortcomings in implementation of enforcement power under the system of traditional mode of operation,leading to the phenomenon of unlawful in courts in recent years. One of the reasons is the too concentrated enforcement power under the traditional system of implementation. Its configuration and operation is unscientific. Under the existing institutional framework, decomposition of enforcing rights of the courts is a preferred path. Court′s enforcement powers can be divided into four parts:right of investigations, implementation of the right, right of Adjudication, right of supervision. We want to provide help for the improvement of people’s courts .
 
【關鍵詞】 執行權； 權力分解； 執行體制；
【Key words】 enforcement powers power decomposition system of enforcement；
 
21 、建立我國案例指導制度的困境和出路——以刑事案例為例  舒洪水（西北政法大學） ;
【摘要】 案例指導制度是一項既區別于英美法系判例法制度又不同于大陸法系判例制度的中國特色產物,是我國司法觀念變革與制度變革相結合的一項新制度,是一種能夠體現中國特色、并順應世界兩大法系逐漸融合發展大趨勢的制度變革措施。本文指出了消除相關障礙是建構案例指導制度的前提,論證了案例指導制度在我國建構的必要性和可行性,同時從指導案例的選擇標準與要求、指導性案例的產生程序、案例指導制度的監督機制、案例指導制度的修繕機制等四個角度,提出了構建刑事案例指導制度的具體路徑。
【Abstract】 Case guidance system is a Chinese characteristic which is different between common law and case law and judicial precedent system of continental law system. It is a new system that embodies Chinese characteristics and combined by the judicial idea change and system change complied with the world two legal systems gradually shirt-sleeve the development trend. This paper points out that the premise of construction case guidance system is to eliminate related obstacles, demonstrate the guidance system in the case of the construction of necessity and feasibility, put forward the construction of the system of criminal case guidance concrete path from four aspects-guidance case selecting standards and requirements、the generation of guiding case program、case guidance system of supervision mechanism、the case of the guidance system repair mechanism.
 
【關鍵詞】 成文法； 案例指導； 案例； 判例；
【Key words】 statutory case guidance case precedent；
 
22、從檢察制度的歷史與比較論我國檢察官之定位與保障  李美蓉（中國社會科學院法學研究所）;甄貞（北京市人民檢察院）; 
【摘要】 改革開放以來,我國與國際社會交流頻繁,特別是受美國制度影響,一直有將檢察官行政官化的呼聲。但是,從檢察制度的歷史淵源以及各國檢察官類型的比較研究可以得知,純粹行政官化的檢察官并不契合我國社會。我國應將檢察官定位為司法官,并仿效大陸法系國家,給予其充分的身份保障。
【Abstract】 Since Reformation and Opening, China has been experiencing more communications to the international community, especially with the US. Therefore there is an argument that the prosecutors of China should be recognized as administrators, learning from the US. However, by analyzing the source and development of prosecution system of main democratic states, it is proved that the prosecutors recognized as administrators do not fit in China. The prosecutors of China should be recognized as legal officials, and the status safeguards should be approved accordingly.
 
【關鍵詞】 檢察制度； 歷史與比較； 定位； 保障；
【Key words】 prosecution system history and compare position safeguards；
 
23 、論檢察權的配置  張鐵英（天津市人民檢察院第二分院）;
【摘要】 檢察權的本質屬性應界定為檢察監督權,只有弄清楚檢察權的本質屬性,才能明確檢察機關的職能定位。檢察權的配置問題的研究,應當發軔于國家權力的配置的宏觀層面,而落腳在檢察內部權力體系的微觀層面。檢察改革應當遵循司法規律,不宜盲目創新求變。 更多還原
【Abstract】 The essence of prosecutorial power is prosecutorial supervision, and function of procuratorate depends on the essence. Research about scheme of prosecutorial power should include scheme of state powers and interior powers of prosecutorial power. Prosecutorial innovation should follow judicial rules, and it is not bright that power is innovated blindly. 更多還原
【關鍵詞】 檢察監督權； 檢察權； 性質； 職能； 配置；
【Key words】 prosecutorial supervision prosecutorial power function scheme；
 
24 、淺析我國律師參與非訴訟糾紛解決機制的困境  張曙（浙江工業大學法學院） ;
【摘要】 我國律師參與非訴訟糾紛解決機制尚處于探索階段,目前存在著律師與當事人對ADR的控制權爭奪、職業行為規范不健全、利用率不高等諸多難題。需要引入合作式參與的模式對律師與委托人的關系進行調整,確立科學的職業行為規范以維護ADR的程序正義,建立相關機制以進一步發揮律師在化解社會矛盾中的作用。
【Abstract】 Chinese lawyer′s participation in ADR is still in the exploratory stage. At present, there are many problems in ADR, such as lawyers competing with the parties for control of ADR,imperfect professional regulations, and law-rate utilization of ADR. We need to introduce the mode of cooperation to adjust the relationship between the lawyers and clients, set up the scientific professional regulation to maintain the procedural justice of ADR, and establish relevant mechanism to improve the lawyer’s utilization of ADR.
 
【關鍵詞】 非訴訟解紛機制； 律師參與； 職業規范； 利用機制；
【Key words】 ADR l9awyers′ participation professional regulation use mechanism；
 
25 、從判決書看緩刑的適用  陳華麗（太原科技大學）;
【摘要】 刑事司法政策、緩刑制度功能、刑法條文規定、犯罪案件類型及被告人自身情況等都是影響緩刑適用的因素。從判決書反映的情況來看,不管是基層法院還是中級法院,故意傷害案件和交通肇事案件緩刑適用率都相對較高,財產類犯罪案件則較少適用。在實踐中,緩刑的適用主要存在對寬嚴相濟刑事政策的把握不準,緩刑監督考察機制不健全等問題。可以考慮從這兩方面入手完善我國的緩刑制度。 更多還原
【Abstract】 Application of probation is influenced by such factors as the criminal justice policy, probation function, the criminal law provisions, crime types and the defendants′ own situation. Reflected from the judgments of both grass-root court and intermediate court, the application rate of probation is relatively high in intentional injury cases and traffic accident cases, while it is low in property crime. In practice, there mainly exists unfaithful grasp of the criminal policy of combining punishment with leniency, unsound probation supervision inspection mechanism and so on. Perfecting the system of probation can be started from the above two aspects.
 
【關鍵詞】 判決書； 緩刑適用； 因素； 考察監督；
【Key words】 judgment application of probation factors community correction；
 
26 、專利侵權損害賠償的要件及其舉證責任——以《侵權責任法》為切入點   范曉宇 （中國計量學院）;
【摘要】 專利侵權領域的證明責任分配已成為學界和實務的焦點和難點之一,專利侵權損害賠償訴訟舉證責任的整體研究并不多見。要產生專利侵權損害賠償請求權,至少須滿足侵權人的過錯、侵害專利權的事實、損害事實、因果關系四個要件。在舉證責任分配上,原告應當對創設請求權基礎的法律規范的事實要件承擔證明責任,而被告對權利妨礙、權利消滅和權利受制規范的事實要件承擔證明責任。專利侵權損害賠償請求權各構成要件事實的證明,應根據專利權及專利侵權的特點,依據《專利法》等實體法的規定具體確定。
【Abstract】 The burden of proof in patent infringement has become one of the difficult problems of academics and practitioners. In order to generate a claim of patent infringement damages, it should meet at least the following four elements: the fault of the infringer, the fact of patent infringement, damage facts, and causation. About the allocation of the burden of proof, the plaintiff should burden the facts about the creation of claims, and the defendant should burden the facts about the right to prevent, eliminate rights norms and rights restricted. The constituent elements to claim for patent infringement should be based on the characteristics of patents and patent infringement, "Patent Law"and other specific provisions of substantive law.
 
【關鍵詞】 專利侵權賠償； 要件； 舉證責任；
【Key words】 patent infringement constitutive requirement burden of proof；
 
27 、反思與重構:我國商業秘密立法之完善  袁荷剛（中南財經政法大學） ;
【摘要】 商業信息只有符合商業秘密的構成要件時,才能受到法律的保護。如何認定權利人主張的商業秘密是否存在容易產生爭議。我國《反不正當競爭法》中關于商業秘密構成要件的規定應當刪除"實用性"要件,以采取合理措施的程度作為評價"合理性"的標準,同時商業秘密的保護范圍不應僅僅限定為"技術信息或商業信息"。
【Abstract】 Business Information can only be protected by law when it follows elements of trade information constituent. How to identify the protection on existence of trade secrets is argued for its controversial disputes. China′s "Anti-Unfair Competition Law"should delete "practical"elements from provisions of elements on trade secrets to take reasonable measures for evaluating the degree of Rationality"standard, while the scope of protection of trade secrets should not be limited to only"technical information or business information.
 
【關鍵詞】 商業秘密； 構成要件； 立法完善；
【Key words】 trade secrets elements legislation improvement；
 
28 、經濟法責任的實現與公訴權的現代轉型  劉擁（湖南大學法學院）; 
【摘要】 經濟法責任有著自己獨特的形態以及責任承擔方式,經濟法責任的實現機制主要是行政執法機制和訴訟機制,公益訴訟符合經濟法責任社會性的要求,與經濟法責任的實現之間具有天然的契合性。傳統公訴權在我國長期被認為專指"刑事公訴權",客觀上阻卻了現代公訴權的拓展。隨著現代法律對國家和社會公共利益保護的加強,傳統公訴權制度日顯單薄和不足。因此,建構現代公訴制度不僅是公訴權在具體制度中的應用和拓展,而且更加有利于強化檢察機關法律監督職能,進而更好地保護國家和社會公共利益,維護社會公平正義,有效實現經濟法責任。
【Abstract】 Economic law liability has its own unique form and bearing mode, its major realization mechanisms are administrative enforcement mechanism and litigation mechanism. Public welfare litigation meets the requirements of socialization of Economic law liability, which is naturally compatible with realization of economic law liability. Traditional public prosecution power has been considered as "criminal public prosecution power", so it has objectively blocked expansion of modern public prosecution power. As modern law strengthens protection for state interest and public interest, traditional public prosecution institution appears flimsy and insufficient day by day. Therefore constructing modern public prosecution institution is not only application and expansion of public prosecution power in concrete institution, but also further favourable to strengthening legal supervision of procuratorate, safeguarding state interest and public interest, defending social equity and justice, and effectively realizing economic law liability.
 
【關鍵詞】 經濟法； 責任； 公訴權； 現代轉型；
【Key words】 economic law liability public prosecution power modern transition；
 
29 、論船舶優先權與海事賠償責任限制的沖突和協調  徐仲建 （清華大學法學院）;
【摘要】 船舶優先權與海事賠償責任限制之間發生沖突,既有歷史原因又有現實原因。船舶優先權和海事賠償責任限制發生沖突的領域是船舶優先權優先保障實現的限制性海事債權。《海商法》規定海事賠償責任限制優先于船舶優先權實施以協調兩者之間的沖突,其理論根據在于:船舶優先權系擔保物權,而海事賠償責任限制是確定海事債權數額的一種制度,擔保物權只有在確定債權數額后才能實現。
【Abstract】 There are some historical and realistic causes for the conflict between Maritime Liens and Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims. The claims subject to limitation secured by Maritime Liens are the object of the conflict between Maritime Liens and Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims. CMC stipulates that Maritime Liens shall not affect the implementation of Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims, which harmonizes the relationship between them. The regulation is based on the theory that Maritime Liens, as a real right for security, are subordinated to the claims, the amount of which is decided by Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims.
 
【關鍵詞】 船舶優先權； 海事賠償責任限制； 擔保物權；
【Key words】 Maritime Liens Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims the Real Right for Security；
 
30 、論WTO“公共道德例外”條款下之“域外管轄”  徐莉（長江理工大學文法學院）;
【摘要】 有關WTO"公共道德例外"條款下"域外管轄"問題的爭議由來已久,并伴隨著域外管轄措施在實踐中的廣泛應用而益發激烈。對此,DSB欠缺有效的回應,依據《維也納條約法公約》規定的解釋方法亦無法獲知準確答案,文末依據國際法上對于四大管轄權原則的具體設置推知:對于侵犯基本人權等有違公共道德的行為,各國方可行使域外管轄權。 更多還原
【Abstract】 The disputes about the "extraterritoriality"in WTO "public morals exception"have existed for a long time, and become more intense with the extraterritorial measures widely application in practice. The DSB lacked effective response to it and there was also no accurate answer. And according to the interpretation, it means regulated in Vienna Convention in the Law of Treaties. It can be inferred from the principles of jurisdiction that countries can exercise jurisdiction on some basic human rights violations against public moral.
 
【關鍵詞】 公共道德例外； 域外管轄； 管轄原則；
【Key words】 public moral extraterritoriality principles of jurisdiction；
 
31 、美國納稅人訴訟原告資格的主要影響因素分析及其對我國的啟示  李炎（中央財經大學法學院）;
【摘要】 事實上的損害、分權原則和聯邦主義是影響美國納稅人訴訟原告資格的三個主要因素。盡管一直沒有形成系統而完整的納稅人訴訟原告資格理論,而且美國聯邦法院和地方法院在實踐中的做法也不盡一致,但在我國當前對納稅人訴訟的相關理論研究和制度構建方興未艾的情境下,深入分析影響美國納稅人訴訟原告資格的主要因素,對于構建我國納稅人訴訟,尤其是作為其前提的原告資格理論具有重要的借鑒意義。 更多還原
【Abstract】 Injury in fact, separation of powers and federalism are main factors that affect the standing of taxpayers′ lawsuit in U.S. Although there has not been a systematic and complete theory of taxpayers′ standing, and U.S. Federal Court and District Court deal with it differently in practice. Studying deeply the main factors affecting the standing of taxpayers′ lawsuit in U.S. is very important to establish our theory and system of taxpayers′ lawsuit, especially that of plaintiffs′ standing, as its premise, for reference, while we are doing more and more research on theory and system of taxpayers′ lawsuit.
 
【關鍵詞】 納稅人訴訟； 原告資格； 影響因素； 啟示；
【Key words】 taxpayers′ lawsuit plaintiffs′ standing affecting factors inspiration；
 

日期：2012-7-24 14:56:02 | 關閉 |  分享到：